Immutable DTO \ud328\ud134: DTO\ub97c \ubcc0\uacbd \ubd88\uac00\ub85c \uc124\uacc4\ud574 \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uc548\uc804\uc131\uacfc \uc77c\uad00\uc131 \ud655\ubcf4<\/title><\/p>\n<h1 id=\"immutable-dto-%ed%8c%a8%ed%84%b4-dto%eb%a5%bc-%eb%b3%80%ea%b2%bd-%eb%b6%88%ea%b0%80%eb%a1%9c-%ec%84%a4%ea%b3%84%ed%95%b4-%ec%8a%a4%eb%a0%88%eb%93%9c-%ec%95%88%ec%a0%84%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%bc-pTrqrWtmLg\">Immutable DTO \ud328\ud134: DTO\ub97c \ubcc0\uacbd \ubd88\uac00\ub85c \uc124\uacc4\ud574 \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uc548\uc804\uc131\uacfc \uc77c\uad00\uc131 \ud655\ubcf4<\/h1>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/immutable-dto-ed8ca8ed84b4-dtoeba5bc-ebb380eab2bd-ebb688eab080eba19c-ec84a4eab384ed95b4-ec8aa4eba088eb939c-ec9588eca084ec84b1eab3bc-ec9dbc.jpeg\" alt=\"Immutable DTO \ud328\ud134: DTO\ub97c \ubcc0\uacbd \ubd88\uac00\ub85c \uc124\uacc4\ud574 \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uc548\uc804\uc131\uacfc \uc77c\uad00\uc131 \ud655\ubcf4\" \/><\/p>\n <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-immutable-dto%ec%9d%98-%ea%b0%9c%eb%85%90%ea%b3%bc-%ed%95%84%ec%9a%94%ec%84%b1-pTrqrWtmLg\">1. Immutable DTO\uc758 \uac1c\ub150\uacfc \ud544\uc694\uc131<\/h2>\n\n \ud604\ub300 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uc544\ud0a4\ud14d\ucc98\uc5d0\uc11c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\uc1a1 \uac1d\uccb4(Data Transfer Object, \uc774\ud558 DTO)\ub294 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uacc4\uce35 \uac04 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ub2ec\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac1d\uccb4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 DTO\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub2f4\ub294 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc9c0\uba70, \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uac00\ubcc0(mutable)\ud558\uac8c \uc124\uacc4\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uacfc \uba40\ud2f0\uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ubcc0\uacbd\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc608\uce21 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ubd80\uc791\uc6a9\uc774\ub098 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \ubb38\uc81c(thread-safety \ubb38\uc81c\uac00) \uc790\uc8fc \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uace0 \uc548\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ub3d9\uc791\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uac00 \ubc14\ub85c immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. Immutable DTO\ub294 \ud55c \ubc88 \uc0dd\uc131\ub418\uba74 \ub0b4\ubd80 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uacc4\ub418\uc5b4, \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uac04 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uacf5\uc720 \uc2dc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc548\uc804\uc131\uc744 \uadf9\ub300\ud654\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8 \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 immutable DTO\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uac1c\ub150\uacfc \uadf8 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc2ec\ub3c4 \uc788\uac8c \ud0d0\uad6c\ud558\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \ucc44\ud0dd\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc774\uc720\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc640 \uc774\ub860\uc801 \uadfc\uac70\ub4e4\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c DTO\ub294 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uacc4\uce35 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \uc694\uccad(Request)\uacfc \uc751\ub2f5(Response) \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc804\ud30c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub54c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc815\ud655\uc131\uacfc \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub9cc\uc57d DTO\uac00 \uac00\ubcc0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \uc608\uae30\uce58 \uc54a\uc740 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ucc38\uc870\ud558\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \ucef4\ud3ec\ub10c\ud2b8\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce60 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc6f9 \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc694\uccad\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c DTO \ub0b4\ubd80\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc218\uc815\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3d9\uc77c DTO\ub97c \ucc38\uc870\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3d9\uae30\ud654 \ubb38\uc81c\ub098 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc77c\uad00\uc131 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uacb0\uad6d \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\uacfc \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc5d0 \uce58\uba85\uc801\uc778 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc0dd\uc131 \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc644\uc804\ud788 \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud55c \ub4a4, \uc774\ud6c4 \ub0b4\ubd80 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc678\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub3c4\ub85d \ub9c9\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc6d0\uce59\uc73c\ub85c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub85c \uc778\ud574 DTO\ub294 \uc0dd\uc131 \ud6c4 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\uba70, \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc\uac00 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc561\uc138\uc2a4\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc11c\ub85c\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ubcc0\uacbd\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ub3c4\uac00 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uace0 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131\uc774 \uc694\uad6c\ub418\ub294 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 immutable DTO \ub514\uc790\uc778\uc774 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc740 \ub514\ubc84\uae45\uacfc \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc6a9\uc774\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc8fc\ub294 \uc7a5\uc810\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ucd5c\uadfc \uae08\uc735, \uc804\uc790\uc0c1\uac70\ub798, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubd84\uc0b0 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc774 \ub300\ub450\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc8fc\uc2dd \uac70\ub798 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uac70\ub798 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub418\uace0 \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub54c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ubb34\uacb0\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. immutable DTO\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ucda9\ub3cc\uc774\ub098 \ub3d9\uc2dc \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc624\ub958\ub97c \uc904\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uad81\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uc774\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \ud074\ub77c\uc6b0\ub4dc \uae30\ubc18 \ub9c8\uc774\ud06c\ub85c\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc544\ud0a4\ud14d\ucc98\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uac01 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uac04\uc5d0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc548\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc1a1\uc218\uc2e0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud55c\ub370, \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubd84\uc0b0 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd88\uc77c\uce58 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc608\ubc29\ud574 \uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n immutable DTO\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \uac83 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uac00\uce58\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\uc740 \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \ubcf5\uc0ac(Copy) \uacfc\uc815\ub3c4 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uac04\ub2e8\ud574\uc9c0\uba70, \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ucc38\uc870\ub97c \uc548\uc804\ud558\uac8c \uacf5\uc720\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uce90\uc2dc\ub098 \uacf5\uc720 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \ub4f1\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc218\uc758 \uac1d\uccb4\uac00 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc811\uadfc\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ub54c, \ubd88\ubcc0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc758 \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\ub9ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc9c0\ud5a5 \uc124\uacc4 \uc6d0\uce59 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc778 \ub2e8\uc77c \ucc45\uc784 \uc6d0\uce59(SRP)\uacfc\ub3c4 \uc77c\ub9e5\uc0c1\ud1b5\ud558\uba70, \ucf54\ub4dc\uc758 \uc720\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc218\uc131\uc744 \ub300\ud3ed \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc2e4\uc81c \uc0ac\ub840\ub85c, \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc778\ud130\ub137 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uae30\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc740 DTO\uc758 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc11c\ubc84 \uac04 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ub3d9\uae30\ud654 \ubc0f \ubd84\uc0b0 \uce90\uc2dc \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc608\uce21 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc624\ub958\ub97c \ubc29\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uc790\ubc14\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc9c0\ud5a5 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c immutable \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uad6c\ud604\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc124\uacc4 \ud328\ud134\uacfc \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac\uac00 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\uba38\ub4e4\uc740 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc548\uc804\ud558\uace0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\ub4e4\uc740 \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO \ud328\ud134\uc774 \ub2e8\uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5 \ud5a5\uc0c1\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc7a5\uae30\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc548\uc815\uc131\uacfc \uc720\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc218\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \ud544\uc218 \uc694\uc18c\uc784\uc744 \uc99d\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ud55c\ud3b8, \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\ub294 \ud328\ud134\uc740 \ud568\uc218\ud615 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\ub3c4 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \ubd80\uc218 \ud6a8\uacfc(side effect)\ub97c \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubaa9\ud45c\ub85c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud568\uc218\ud615 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ubcc0\uc774\ub97c \uc6d0\ucc9c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc30\uc81c\ud558\uace0, \uc21c\uc218 \ud568\uc218(pure function)\ub9cc\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uad6c\uc131\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uacb0\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc758 \uc608\uce21 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uacfc \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \ud5a5\uc0c1\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc774 immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc740 \ud568\uc218\ud615 \ud328\ub7ec\ub2e4\uc784\uacfc\ub3c4 \uc790\uc5f0\uc2a4\ub7fd\uac8c \uacb0\ud569\ub418\uba70, \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ub85c\uc9c1\uc744 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uc624\ub958\ub97c \uc904\uc774\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uacb0\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO \ud328\ud134\uc740 \ud604\ub300 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uc124\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubb34\uacb0\uc131\uacfc \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \uc218\ub2e8\uc774\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uacfc \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\uc744 \uadf9\ub300\ud654\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8 \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf8 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc640 \uc774\ub860\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd\uc740 \uc65c \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 DTO\ub97c \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub85c \uc124\uacc4\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud558\uac8c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud5a5\ud6c4 \uac1c\ubc1c \ud658\uacbd\uc774 \ub354\uc6b1 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud574\uc9d0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c, immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc758 \ucc44\ud0dd\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc120\ud0dd\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \ud544\uc218 \uc0ac\ud56d\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\ub9ac \uc7a1\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc73c\ub85c, immutable DTO\uc758 \uac1c\ub150\uacfc \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc885\ud569\ud574\ubcf4\uba74, \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\uc1a1\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc758 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4, \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \ud488\uc9c8\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \ud575\uc2ec \uc694\uc18c\uc784\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ucc28\ub840\uc758 \ub9ac\ud329\ud1a0\ub9c1\uacfc \uc0ac\ub840 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc774 \ud328\ud134\uc758 \uc6b0\uc218\uc131\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud574\uc654\uc73c\uba70, \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc640 \uc2e4\ubb34 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uadf8 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc774 \ub354\uc6b1 \ubd80\uac01\ub420 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc608\uc0c1\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"2-immutable-dto-%ed%8c%a8%ed%84%b4-%ec%84%a4%ea%b3%84-%ec%9b%90%ec%b9%99-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%9d%b4%ec%a0%90-pTrqrWtmLg\">2. Immutable DTO \ud328\ud134 \uc124\uacc4 \uc6d0\uce59 \ubc0f \uc774\uc810<\/h2>\n\n immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uc131\uacf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ud604\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uba85\ud655\ud55c \uc124\uacc4 \uc6d0\uce59\uacfc \uc774\ub97c \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ud558\ub294 \uc804\ub7b5\uc801\uc778 \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uc124\uacc4\ud560 \ub54c\ub294 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc0dd\uc131 \uc2dc \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud544\ub4dc\ub97c \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud558\uba70, \uc678\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub3c4\ub85d \uc811\uadfc \uc81c\uc5b4\uc790\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc6d0\uce59\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc758 \uac00\ub3c5\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uc774\uace0, \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc77c\uad00\uc131 \uc720\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc6d0\ucc9c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8 \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 immutable DTO\ub97c \uc124\uacc4\ud560 \ub54c \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc6d0\uce59\uacfc \uadf8\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc774\uc810\uc744 \uccb4\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ub9ac\ud558\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \uc2e4\uc81c \uac1c\ubc1c \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc801\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uac00\uc774\ub4dc\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc124\uacc4 \uc6d0\uce59\uc740 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc0dd\uc131 \uc2dc \ubd88\ubcc0 \ud544\ub4dc\ub97c \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc final\ub85c \uc120\uc5b8\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. final \ud544\ub4dc\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uac1d\uccb4 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \ud55c \ubc88 \uc124\uc815\ub41c \uc774\ud6c4 \ubcc0\uacbd\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uba40\ud2f0\uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc0c1\ud0dc(race condition)\ub97c \ubbf8\uc5f0\uc5d0 \ubc29\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc544\ub798\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud544\ub4dc\uc5d0 final \ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec, \uac1d\uccb4 \uc0dd\uc131 \ud6c4 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ubcc0\uacbd\uc744 \ub9c9\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 \uc6d0\uce59 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8\ub85c \uac15\uc870\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uc810\uc740, \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \uc0dd\uc131\uc790 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud544\ub4dc\ub97c \ud55c \ubc88\uc5d0 \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud558\ub294 “\uc804\uccb4 \ucd08\uae30\ud654” \uae30\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uac1d\uccb4\uac00 \uc0dd\uc131\ub418\ub294 \uc21c\uac04\ubd80\ud130 \uc644\uc804\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \uc874\uc7ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0dd\uc131\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud544\ub4dc\ub97c \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud558\uba74, \uc774\ud6c4 setter \uba54\uc18c\ub4dc\ub97c \ud1b5\ud55c \uc784\uc758\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud574\uc9c0\ubbc0\ub85c, \ucf54\ub4dc\uc758 \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uacfc \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc544\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \ud2b9\ud788 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ube44\uc988\ub2c8\uc2a4 \ub85c\uc9c1\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud558\uba70, \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc804\ubc18\uc758 \uc608\uce21 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uc774\ub294 \ub370 \ud070 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc138 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc6d0\uce59\uc740 \ub0b4\ubd80 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc678\ubd80\ub85c \ub178\ucd9c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc9c1\uc811 \uc811\uadfc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ud558\ub294 getter \uba54\uc18c\ub4dc\ub294 \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc81c\uacf5\ub418\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ubc18\ud658\ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \ubcc0\uacbd \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ucc38\uc870\ud615 \uac1d\uccb4\uc77c \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubc29\uc5b4\uc801 \ubcf5\uc0ac(defensive copy)\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc678\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub178\ucd9c\ub418\uc5b4 \uc6b0\uc5f0\ud55c \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774\ub098 \uc545\uc758\uc801\uc778 \uc870\uc791\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc29\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub124 \ubc88\uc9f8\ub85c, \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc124\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8e8\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub0b4\ubd80 \ud544\ub4dc\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub85c \ub300\uccb4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1d\uccb4 \ub0b4\uc5d0 \ub610 \ub2e4\ub978 \uac00\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \uc804\uccb4 \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131\uc774 \ud6fc\uc190\ub420 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uc7ac\uadc0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud558\uc704 \uac1d\uccb4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc124\uacc4 \uc6d0\uce59\uc740 \ud2b9\ud788 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uacf5\uc720\uac00 \ube48\ubc88\ud558\uac8c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uba40\ud2f0\uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud558\uba70, \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uc608\ubc29\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub2e4\uc12f \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc6d0\uce59\uc740 “\uac1c\ubc29 \ud3d0\uc1c4 \uc6d0\uce59(Open\/Closed Principle)”\uacfc “\ub2e8\uc77c \ucc45\uc784 \uc6d0\uce59(Single Responsibility Principle)”\uc744 \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc900\uc218\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. immutable DTO\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ub2ec \uc5ed\ud560\ub9cc \uc218\ud589\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 \ube44\uc988\ub2c8\uc2a4 \ub85c\uc9c1\uc774\ub098 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ubcc0\uacbd \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc548 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \ub530\ub974\uba74, \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uc5ed\ud560\uc774 \uba85\ud655\ud574\uc9c0\uace0, \ucf54\ub4dc\uc758 \uc720\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc218\uc131\uacfc \ud655\uc7a5\uc131\uc774 \ud68d\uae30\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac1c\uc120\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n immutable DTO\uc758 \uc124\uacc4 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc900\uc218\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc5bb\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc774\uc810\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc694\uc57d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \uc548\uc804\uc131: \uac1d\uccb4 \uc0dd\uc131 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \uba40\ud2f0\uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc608\uce21 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131: \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub294 \ud56d\uc0c1 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \ub514\ubc84\uae45 \ubc0f \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uac00 \uc26c\uc6cc\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc720\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc218\uc131: \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ub2ec \uac1d\uccb4\uac00 \ub2e8\uc77c \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4, \ucf54\ub4dc\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ub3c4\uac00 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uace0 \uc720\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc218\uac00 \uc6a9\uc774\ud574\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc548\uc815\uc131: \ubcf5\uc0ac\ub098 \ucc38\uc870 \uacf5\uc720 \uc2dc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc6d0\ubcf8 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ubb34\uacb0\uc131\uc774 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ub418\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ud568\uc218\ud615 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\uacfc\uc758 \uc790\uc5f0\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uc870\ud654: \ubd80\uc218 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uc21c\uc218 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ud328\ub7ec\ub2e4\uc784\uc5d0 \uc801\ud569\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc774\uc810\ub4e4\uc740 \ud2b9\ud788 \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \ud604\ub300 \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c \ub354\uc6b1 \ub450\ub4dc\ub7ec\uc9c0\uac8c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0a9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uae08\uc735\uad8c\uc758 \ub300\uc6a9\ub7c9 \ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc815\ud569\uc131\uacfc \uc2e4\uc2dc\uac04 \ucc98\ub9ac\uac00 \ud544\uc218\uc778\ub370, \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158 \ub3d9\uc548 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc624\uc5fc\uc774\ub098 \ub3d9\uc2dc \ubcc0\uacbd \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \ubd84\uc0b0 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uac01 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uac04\uc758 \ud1b5\uc2e0 \uc2dc \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c\ub370, immutable DTO\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd88\uc77c\uce58\ub97c \uc6d0\ucc9c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc29\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc2e4\uc81c \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 immutable DTO \uc124\uacc4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ucf54\ub4dc \ubcf5\uc7a1\ub3c4\ub97c \ub300\ud3ed \uc904\uc774\uace0, \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc7a5\uc560 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ub960\uc744 \ub0ae\ucd98 \uc0ac\ub840\ub4e4\uc774 \ub2e4\uc218 \ubcf4\uace0\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ud55c \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uc804\uc790\uc0c1\uac70\ub798 \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uae30\uc874 \uac00\ubcc0 DTO\ub97c \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ud55c \ud6c4, \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \uad00\ub828 \uc624\ub958\uac00 70% \uc774\uc0c1 \uac10\uc18c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc804\uccb4 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uc751\ub2f5 \uc18d\ub3c4\uc640 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\ub3c4 \ud06c\uac8c \ud5a5\uc0c1\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\ub294 immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc774 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc124\uacc4 \uae30\ubc95\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4, \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \ube44\uc988\ub2c8\uc2a4 \uc131\uacfc\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce60 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc73c\ub85c, immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc740 \uac1d\uccb4 \uae30\ubc18\uc758 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ud568\uc218\ud615 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uac00\uce58\ub97c \uc9c0\ub2c8\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud568\uc218\ud615 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131\uc740 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc804\uc81c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0ac\uc774\ub4dc \uc774\ud399\ud2b8\ub97c \uc904\uc774\uace0, \ubcd1\ub82c \ucc98\ub9ac\ub098 \ubd84\uc0b0 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud305 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ub192\uc740 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c, \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \ud328\ub7ec\ub2e4\uc784\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uae30\ub300\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\ub3c4 immutable DTO\uc758 \ud070 \uc7a5\uc810\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc815\ub9ac\ud558\uc790\uba74, immutable DTO \ud328\ud134 \uc124\uacc4 \uc6d0\uce59\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ucf54\ub529 \uc2a4\ud0c0\uc77c\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc804\ubc18\uc758 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uacfc \uc720\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc218\uc131\uc744 \uadf9\ub300\ud654\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud544\uc218 \uc804\ub7b5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1d\uccb4 \uc0dd\uc131 \uc2dc \uc644\uc804\ud55c \ucd08\uae30\ud654, \ubd88\ubcc0 \ud544\ub4dc\uc758 \ud65c\uc6a9, \ub0b4\ubd80 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc758 \ube44\ub178\ucd9c, \ud558\uc704 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc804\ubc18\uc758 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131 \ubcf4\uc7a5, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub2e8\uc77c \ucc45\uc784 \uc6d0\uce59\uc758 \uc900\uc218 \ub4f1\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubb34\uacb0\uc131\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uace0, \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uba40\ud2f0\uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub04a\uae40 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \ud575\uc2ec \uc694\uc18c\ub4e4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"3-%ea%b5%ac%ed%98%84-%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%80-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%bd%94%eb%93%9c-%ec%98%88%ec%8b%9c%eb%a1%9c-%ec%9d%b4%ed%95%b4%ed%95%98%eb%8a%94-immutable-dto-pTrqrWtmLg\">3. \uad6c\ud604 \uc0ac\ub840 \ubc0f \ucf54\ub4dc \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 Immutable DTO<\/h2>\n\n \uc774 \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc2e4\uc81c \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c Immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ub840\uc640 \ucf54\ub4dc \uc608\uc2dc\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uadfc \ub9ce\uc740 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 Java, Kotlin, C#\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc9c0\ud5a5 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uc548\uc804\uc131\uacfc \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud328\ud134\uc740 \ud2b9\ud788 \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \ubd84\uc0b0 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uacfc \ub9c8\uc774\ud06c\ub85c\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc544\ud0a4\ud14d\ucc98\uc5d0\uc11c \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ubc1c\ud718\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8 \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc2e4\uc81c \ucf54\ub4dc \uc608\uc81c\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO \uc124\uacc4 \ubc29\ubc95, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \uc801\uc6a9\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uc2ec\ub3c4 \uc788\uac8c \ubd84\uc11d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc6b0\uc120, Java \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 Immutable DTO \uad6c\ud604 \uc608\uc81c\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. Java\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO\ub97c \uc124\uacc4\ud560 \ub54c\ub294 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4 \uc790\uccb4\ub97c final\ub85c \uc120\uc5b8\ud558\uace0, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud544\ub4dc\ub97c private final\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ud55c \ud6c4, \uc0dd\uc131\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uac1d\uccb4 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \uceec\ub809\uc158\uc774\ub098 \ubc30\uc5f4\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uac00\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74, \uc774\ub97c \ubc29\uc5b4\uc801 \ubcf5\uc0ac\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc678\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub178\ucd9c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \uad00\ub9ac\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc544\ub798\ub294 Java\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO\ub97c \uad6c\ud604\ud55c \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uc608\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc608\uc81c\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc804\ub2ec\ud558\ub294 DTO\ub85c, \uc0dd\uc131 \uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud544\ub4dc\ub97c \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud558\uba70 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c \ubcc0\uacbd\ub3c4 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n<pre><code>\npublic final class UserDTO {\n private final String userId;\n private final String userName;\n private final String email;\n private final List<String> roles;\n\n public UserDTO(String userId, String userName, String email, List<String> roles) {\n this.userId = userId;\n this.userName = userName;\n this.email = email;\n \/\/ \ubc29\uc5b4\uc801 \ubcf5\uc0ac\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uac00\ubcc0 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ubcf4\ud638\n this.roles = roles == null ? Collections.emptyList() : new ArrayList<>(roles);\n }\n\n public String getUserId() {\n return userId;\n }\n\n public String getUserName() {\n return userName;\n }\n\n public String getEmail() {\n return email;\n }\n\n public List<String> getRoles() {\n \/\/ \ubc29\uc5b4\uc801 \ubcf5\uc0ac \ubc18\ud658\n return new ArrayList<>(roles);\n }\n}\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n\n \uc704 \uc608\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\ub4ef\uc774 UserDTO \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub294 final\ub85c \uc120\uc5b8\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud544\ub4dc \ub610\ud55c final\ub85c \uc120\uc5b8\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0dd\uc131\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc785\ub825\ub41c \uac12\ub4e4\uc744 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \ud560\ub2f9\ud558\uba74\uc11c, \ub9cc\uc57d roles\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uac00\ubcc0 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uceec\ub809\uc158\uc740 \ubc29\uc5b4\uc801 \ubcf5\uc0ac\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc678\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1d\uccb4 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \uae30\ubc95\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574, UserDTO \uac1d\uccb4\ub294 \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c \uc774\ud6c4 \uc808\ub300 \ubcc0\uacbd\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ubd88\ubcc0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc2e4\uc81c \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uac04 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ud30c \uc2dc \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubb34\uacb0\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud575\uc2ec\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc778\uc99d \ubc0f \uad8c\ud55c \ubd80\uc5ec \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc778\uc99d \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc640 \uad8c\ud55c \uad00\ub9ac \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uacf5\uc720\ud558\uac8c \ub418\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub54c immutable DTO\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc624\ub958\ub97c \uc6d0\ucc9c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub354\ubd88\uc5b4, \ucd5c\uadfc\uc5d0 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ub9c8\uc774\ud06c\ub85c\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc544\ud0a4\ud14d\ucc98\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uac01 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uac04\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ub2ec\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO\uac00 \ub9ce\uc774 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uac04\uc758 \uacc4\uc57d(contract)\uc774 \uba85\ud655\ud574\uc9c0\uba70, \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ubcc0\uc870 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc804\uccb4 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uacac\uace0\ud568\uc774 \ud5a5\uc0c1\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2e4\uc81c \uc0ac\ub840\ub85c \uc5b4\ub290 \ub300\ud615 \uc804\uc790\uc0c1\uac70\ub798 \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc8fc\ubb38\uacfc \uacb0\uc81c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc804\ud30c\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c immutable DTO\ub97c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec, \ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158 \ucc98\ub9ac \uc911 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \ubb38\uc81c\uc640 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd88\uc77c\uce58\ub97c \uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac10\uc18c\uc2dc\ud0a8 \ubc14 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub610\ud55c, immutable DTO\uc758 \uc7a5\uc810\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ubd88\ubcc0\uc131\uc5d0 \uad6d\ud55c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub294 \uce90\uc2f1, \ub85c\uae45, \uac10\uc0ac(auditing) \ubc0f \ub514\ubc84\uae45 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\ub9ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uce90\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc800\uc7a5\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc678\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcc0\uc870\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860, \uc7ac\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc544\uc838\uc11c \uc804\uccb4 \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uacfc \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ud06c\uac8c \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc774\uc810\ub4e4\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc6b4\uc6a9 \uc911\uc778 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc785\uc99d\ub418\uc5b4, immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc758 \uac00\uce58\uac00 \ub2e8\uc21c \uc774\ub860\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4 \uc2e4\ubb34\uc5d0\uc11c \ud070 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ubc1c\ud718\ud568\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc73c\ub85c, \uad6c\ud604\ub41c \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud655\uc5f0\ud55c \uc774\uc810\uc744 \uc5bb\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e8\uc704 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub098 \ud1b5\ud569 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc2dc \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \ubcc0\uacbd\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc744 \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \uc791\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ucf00\uc774\uc2a4\uc758 \uc608\uce21 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uacfc \uc2e0\ub8b0\ub3c4\uac00 \ub192\uc544\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uac1c\ubc1c \uc8fc\uae30\uc758 \ub2e8\ucd95\uacfc \ubc84\uadf8\uc758 \uc0ac\uc804 \uc608\ubc29\uc5d0 \ud06c\uac8c \uae30\uc5ec\ud558\uba70, \uacb0\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uc774\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ub0b3\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc885\ud569\ud558\uba74, \uc704\uc758 \ucf54\ub529 \uc608\uc81c\uc640 \uc0ac\ub840 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc758 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uad6c\ud604 \ubc29\ubc95\uacfc \uadf8 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc774\ud574\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \uba40\ud2f0\uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \ubc0f \ubd84\uc0b0 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\uc11c, \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO \ud328\ud134\uc740 \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uc124\uacc4 \ubc0f \uc544\ud0a4\ud14d\ucc98\uc5d0\uc11c \ud575\uc2ec\uc801\uc778 \uc704\uce58\ub97c \ucc28\uc9c0\ud560 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"4-%ec%8a%a4%eb%a0%88%eb%93%9c-%ec%95%88%ec%a0%84%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%bc%ea%b4%80%ec%84%b1-%ed%99%95%eb%b3%b4%eb%a5%bc-%ec%9c%84%ed%95%9c-immutable-dto%ec%9d%98-%ec%9d%91%ec%9a%a9-%eb%b0%8f-pTrqrWtmLg\">4. \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uc548\uc804\uc131\uacfc \uc77c\uad00\uc131 \ud655\ubcf4\ub97c \uc704\ud55c Immutable DTO\uc758 \uc751\uc6a9 \ubc0f \uc0ac\ub840 \uc5f0\uad6c<\/h2>\n\n \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 Immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc774 \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uc548\uc804\uc131\uacfc \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uae30\uc5ec\ud558\ub294\uc9c0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \uc2e4\uc81c \ud604\uc5c5 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\ub4e4\uc744 \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \uc2ec\ub3c4 \uc788\uac8c \ubd84\uc11d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uadfc \ud074\ub77c\uc6b0\ub4dc \ucef4\ud4e8\ud305 \ubc0f \ubd84\uc0b0 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c, \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc548\uc804\ud55c \uacf5\uc720\uc640 \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud574\uc84c\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c immutable DTO\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uac04\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uacbd\uc7c1\uacfc \uc624\uc5fc \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uac8c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc0ac\ub840\ub85c, \ub300\ud615 \uae08\uc735\uae30\uad00\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6b4\uc601\ud558\ub294 \uc2e4\uc2dc\uac04 \uc8fc\uc2dd \uac70\ub798 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc740 \uc218\ucc9c \uac74\uc758 \uac70\ub798\uac00 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc624\ub294 \uace0\ubd80\ud558 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c, \ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158\uc758 \ubb34\uacb0\uc131\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc81c\ub97c \uc548\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uc874\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub358 \uac00\ubcc0 DTO\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \uad00\ub828 \uc774\uc288\ub85c \uc5ec\ub7ec \ucc28\ub840\uc758 \uc624\ub958\ub97c \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ucf30\uace0, \uc774\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd88\uc77c\uce58\uc640 \uc11c\ubc84 \uc7a5\uc560\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \ub4f1 \uc2ec\uac01\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ucd08\ub798\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c, \ud574\ub2f9 \uae30\uad00\uc740 DTO\ub97c \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ud558\ub294 \ub300\ub300\uc801\uc778 \ub9ac\ud329\ud1a0\ub9c1 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uacb0\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \uad00\ub828 \uc624\ub958\uac00 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4\uace0 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uc804\uccb4 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \ud5a5\uc0c1\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc0ac\ub840\ub85c, \ubd84\uc0b0 \ub9c8\uc774\ud06c\ub85c\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc544\ud0a4\ud14d\ucc98\ub97c \ucc44\ud0dd\ud55c \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uc804\uc790\uc0c1\uac70\ub798 \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc\uc744 \ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc\uc740 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub4e4\uc774 \uc11c\ub85c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc8fc\uace0\ubc1b\uc73c\uba70, \uc8fc\ubb38 \ucc98\ub9ac\ubd80\ud130 \uacb0\uc81c, \ubc30\uc1a1 \uad00\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ube44\uc988\ub2c8\uc2a4 \ub85c\uc9c1\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac01 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uac04\uc758 \ud1b5\uc2e0\uc774 \ube48\ubc88\ud558\uac8c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ub2ec \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \ud558\ub098\ub77c\ub3c4 \ubcc0\uacbd\ub418\uba74 \uc804\uccb4 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc758 \ub3d9\uae30\ud654\uc5d0 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. immutable DTO\ub97c \ub3c4\uc785\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub294 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ubd88\ubcc0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ucc38\uc870\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd88\uc77c\uce58\ub97c \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud588\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc7a5\uc560\uc640 \ubc84\uadf8\uac00 \ud06c\uac8c \uac10\uc18c\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc138 \ubc88\uc9f8\ub85c, \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc18c\uc15c \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc0ac\ub840\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \ud504\ub85c\ud544, \uac8c\uc2dc\ubb3c, \ub313\uae00 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c DTO \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc8fc\uace0\ubc1b\uc73c\uba70, \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uc874\uc758 \uac00\ubcc0 DTO \uc0ac\uc6a9 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubcc0\uacbd \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc815\ubcf4 \uc720\uc2e4\uc774\ub098 \uc798\ubabb\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ud30c\uac00 \ube48\ubc88\ud558\uac8c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \ubd88\ubcc0 DTO\ub97c \ucc44\ud0dd\ud55c \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub294 \uac01 \uc694\uccad\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc815\ud655\ud558\uace0 \uc77c\uad00\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc81c\uacf5\ub418\uc5b4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \uac1c\uc120\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub610\ud55c, immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc740 \ub85c\uadf8 \uae30\ub85d \ubc0f \uac10\uc0ac(auditing) \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc774\ubca4\ud2b8\ub098 \ud2b8\ub79c\uc7ad\uc158 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud560 \ub54c, \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \ubcc0\uacbd\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \ubcf4\uc7a5\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \ud6c4\uc18d \ubd84\uc11d\uc774\ub098 \ubcf4\uc548 \uac10\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ud070 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2e4\ubb34\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub85c\uadf8 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uba74\uc11c, \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc704\ubcc0\uc870 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc6d0\ucc9c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uc5bb\uc5c8\uace0, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \ucc44\ud0dd\ud55c \uae30\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc740 \ubcf4\uc548 \ubc0f \uaddc\uc81c \uc900\uc218 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uae0d\uc815\uc801\uc778 \ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \ubc1b\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub610\ud55c, immutable DTO\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ud30c\ub294 \uce90\uc2dc \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uacfc\ub3c4 \ubc00\uc811\ud55c \uad00\ub828\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub294 \ud55c \ubc88 \uc124\uc815\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \ub0b4 \uce90\uc2dc\ub098 \ubd84\uc0b0 \uce90\uc2dc \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uae30\uc5d0 \ud0c1\uc6d4\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc\ub098 \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uce90\uc2dc \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ucc38\uc870\ud560 \ub54c, \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc608\uce21 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc624\ub958\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc804\uccb4 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5 \ubc0f \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\uc774 \ud5a5\uc0c1\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2e4\uc81c \uc6b4\uc601 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uce90\uc2dc \uc801\uc911\ub960\uc774 20% \uc774\uc0c1 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uace0, \uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc751\ub2f5 \uc18d\ub3c4 \uac1c\uc120 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \uc785\uc99d\ub41c \ubc14 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801\uc778 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\uc1a1 \uac1d\uccb4\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 immutable DTO\ub294 \ub192\uc740 \uc7ac\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc131\uacfc \ubaa8\ub4c8\ud654\ub97c \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uc5ec, \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ud655\uc7a5\uacfc \uc720\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc218\ub97c \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc27d\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788, \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud50c\ub85c\uc6b0\uac00 \uc5bd\ud600 \uc788\ub294 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c DTO\ub97c \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub098 \ubaa8\ub4c8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7ac\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc911\ubcf5 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ud558\uace0, \uac01 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uac04\uc758 \uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud558\uac8c \uc815\uc758\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacb0\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \uac1c\ubc1c \uc8fc\uae30 \ub2e8\ucd95 \ubc0f \ubc84\uadf8 \uc218\uc815\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \ube44\uc6a9 \uc808\uac10 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uac00\uc838\uc654\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc73c\ub85c, immutable DTO\uc758 \uc751\uc6a9 \uc0ac\ub840\uc640 \uc5f0\uad6c \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uc885\ud569\ud574\ubcf4\uba74, \uc774 \ud328\ud134\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uc548\uc804\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \ub3c4\uad6c \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uc9c0\ub2c8\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. Immutable DTO\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uba85\ud655\uc131\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud558\uace0, \uc804\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc544\ud0a4\ud14d\ucc98\uc758 \uc77c\uad00\uc131 \ubc0f \uc720\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc218\uc131\uc744 \uadf9\ub300\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ud575\uc2ec\uc801\uc778 \uc124\uacc4 \uc694\uc18c\ub85c \uc790\ub9ac\ub9e4\uae40\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2e4\uc81c \uc0ac\ub840 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc640 \ud1b5\uacc4 \uc790\ub8cc\ub294 immutable DTO\ub97c \ucc44\ud0dd\ud55c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\ub4e4\uc774 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc7a5\uc560 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ub960 40% \ubbf8\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc131\ub2a5 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 15~20% \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uac1c\uc120 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ubcf4\uc600\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \ub54c, \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uc548\uc804\uc131\uacfc \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc77c\uad00\uc131 \ud655\ubcf4\ub97c \uc704\ud55c Immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc740 \ud604\ub300 \ubd84\uc0b0 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ubc0f \uba40\ud2f0\uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ud575\uc2ec \uc124\uacc4 \uc804\ub7b5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ub3c4\uc785\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ubcf5\uc7a1\ub3c4\ub97c \uc904\uc77c \ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc548\uc815\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc2e0\ub8b0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uad6c\ucd95\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ud074\ub77c\uc6b0\ub4dc\uc640 \ub9c8\uc774\ud06c\ub85c\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uae30\ubc18\uc758 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ud658\uacbd\uc774 \ub354\uc6b1 \ubcf4\ud3b8\ud654\ub428\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c, immutable DTO\uc758 \uc751\uc6a9 \ubd84\uc57c\ub294 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \ud655\uc7a5\ub420 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc608\uc0c1\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uacb0\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \uc774\ubc88 \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ub8ec \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc640 \uc2e4\ubb34 \uc801\uc6a9 \uacb0\uacfc\ub294 immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc774 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc124\uacc4\uc758 \ud2b8\ub80c\ub4dc\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4, \uc2e4\uc81c \uc6b4\uc601 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubb34\uacb0\uc131\uacfc \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uc548\uc804\uc131\uc744 \uadf9\ub300\ud654\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\ubc95\uc784\uc744 \uc99d\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\uc640 \uc544\ud0a4\ud14d\ud2b8 \ubaa8\ub450\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \uc801\uadf9 \ub3c4\uc785\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \ub354\uc6b1 \uacac\uace0\ud558\uace0 \uc77c\uad00\uc131 \uc788\ub294 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc744 \uad6c\ucd95\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc694\uc57d:<\/strong> \ubcf8 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 \uac8c\uc2dc\uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 Immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc758 \uac1c\ub150, \uc124\uacc4 \uc6d0\uce59, \uad6c\ud604 \uc608\uc2dc, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc2e4\ubb34 \uc0ac\ub840\ub97c \uc2ec\ub3c4 \uc788\uac8c \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc124\uacc4\uac00 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc131 \uc548\uc804\uc131\uacfc \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uc758 \uc774\uc810\uc740 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uba40\ud2f0\uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \ubc0f \ubd84\uc0b0 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc18c\ub85c, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc7a5\uc560\ub97c \uc904\uc774\uace0 \uc720\uc9c0 \ubcf4\uc218\ub97c \uc6a9\uc774\ud558\uac8c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc640 \uc0ac\ub840 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc740 \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uc544\ud0a4\ud14d\ucc98 \uc124\uacc4\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uae30\uc900 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c \uc790\ub9ac \uc7a1\uc744 \uc804\ub9dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Immutable DTO \ud328\ud134\uc740 DTO\ub97c \ubd88\ubcc0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub85c \uc124\uacc4\ud574 \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uc548\uc804\uc131\uacfc \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5, \uc548\uc815\uc801 \uba40\ud2f0\uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \ud658\uacbd \uad6c\ud604\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":55131,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1957],"tags":[2104,425,2563],"class_list":["post-55127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-development","tag-data","tag-open","tag-responsibility"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55127","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55127"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55127\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55130,"href":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55127\/revisions\/55130"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55127"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55127"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55127"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

{"id":55127,"date":"2025-03-08T19:32:56","date_gmt":"2025-03-08T10:32:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/development\/immutable-dto-pattern-design-dtos-to-be-immutable-to-ensure-thread-safety-and-consistency"},"modified":"2025-03-08T19:32:58","modified_gmt":"2025-03-08T10:32:58","slug":"immutable-dto-pattern-design-dtos-to-be-immutable-to-ensure-thread-safety-and-consistency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/m9js.shop\/blog\/development\/immutable-dto-pattern-design-dtos-to-be-immutable-to-ensure-thread-safety-and-consistency","title":{"rendered":"Immutable DTO \ud328\ud134: DTO\ub97c \ubcc0\uacbd \ubd88\uac00\ub85c \uc124\uacc4\ud574 \uc2a4\ub808\ub4dc \uc548\uc804\uc131\uacfc \uc77c\uad00\uc131 \ud655\ubcf4"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n
\ubaa9\ucc28<\/h2>\n